ICE and Mass Deportations

 

By David Zsutty

Minneapolis, Minnesota has become a flashpoint between immigration enforcement and anti-ICE protestors. In response, we polled 815 respondents who are politically and demographically representative of white, non-Hispanic American registered voters between January 28 and February 8, 2026. The margin of error was plus or minus 3%.

1. Attitudes towards ICE and Deportations

We began by asking respondents whether they want the rate of deportations to increase or decrease:

Q.1 Since January 2025, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) claims to have accomplished 675,000 deportations and 2 million self-deportations. Do you want the deportations of illegal immigrants to:
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Greatly increase 25.6% 2.0% 23.0% 48.1%
Increase 17.3% 3.6% 13.2% 32.7%
Stay about the same 15.3% 11.3% 20.6% 14.1%
Decrease 20.5% 41.5% 21.0% 2.4%
Greatly decrease 16.4% 35.9% 15.6% 0.7%
I don’t know 4.8% 5.6% 6.6% 2.0%

Overall, there was more support for increasing rather than decreasing deportations. This was at odds with how respondents tended to think that ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) has been too aggressive in Minneapolis and overall:

Q.2 In conducting deportations overall, do you think that Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has been:
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Too aggressive 53.6% 95.6% 58.0% 14.1%
About right 31.9% 2.4% 26.8% 61.3%
Not aggressive enough 12.3% 0.8% 12.5% 22.2%
I don’t know 2.2% 1.2% 2.7% 2.4%
Q.3 In conducting deportations in Minneapolis, Minnesota, do you think that (ICE) has been:
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Too aggressive 57.9% 97.2% 61.1% 21.2%
About right 25.5% 1.6% 23.7% 47.8%
Not aggressive enough 12.8% 0.4% 10.5% 25.6%
I don’t know 3.8% 0.8% 4.7% 5.4%

Additionally, aside from Republicans, respondents tended to think that the killing of Renee Good and Alex Pretti were unjustified, despite ample evidence to the contrary:

Q.12 Was the ICE killing of Renee Good:
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Completely justified 19.9% 0.8% 15.2% 39.7%
Mostly justified 19.8% 0.8% 20.6% 35.4%
Unjustified 10.3% 7.7% 16.3% 7.1%
Completely unjustified 41.1% 88.7% 37.7% 4.0%
I don’t know 9.0% 2.0% 10.1% 13.8%
Q.13 Was the Border Patrol killing of Alex Pretti:
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Completely justified 13.5% 0.4% 10.1% 27.9%
Mostly justified 14.1% 0.4% 11.7% 27.6%
Unjustified 9.2% 5.6% 10.9% 10.8%
Completely unjustified 46.4% 90.3% 48.6% 7.7%
I don’t know 16.8% 3.2% 18.7% 25.9%

This paradox deepened in the next question, in which respondents, including Independents, tended to agree that it is illogical to claim to support mass deportations but then fold under pressure when people resist, thereby necessitating coercion:

Q.4 Which of the following best describes your opinion of this statement:
“It is illogical to claim to support mass deportations but then fold under pressure when people resist, thereby necessitating coercion.”
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly Agree 17.7% 8.9% 17.5% 25.6%
Agree 28.0% 15.3% 24.5% 41.8%
Neutral 18.4% 16.9% 18.7% 18.5%
Disagree 12.8% 16.5% 16.7% 6.1%
Strongly Disagree 9.1% 21.8% 5.4% 2.0%
I don’t know 14.1% 20.6% 17.1% 6.1%

One possible explanation is that voters want things without wanting to pay for them in a classic case of wanting to have their cake and eat it too. Another more generous explanation is that the mainstream media has partially succeeded in defaming ICE but not in shaking voters’ support for mass deportations or law and order, which was their main objective behind defaming ICE.

2. Law and Order

There was high support for aggressively prosecuting fraud linked to immigration, with even more Democrats supporting rather than opposing such a course of action.

Q.5 Which of the following best describes your opinion on aggressively prosecuting fraud linked to immigration?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 43.2% 11.3% 43.6% 69.7%
Support 28.3% 31.9% 28.8% 25.6%
Neutral 14.7% 28.6% 16.0% 2.4%
Oppose 6.0% 13.3% 5.1% 0.7%
Strongly Oppose 4.3% 8.1% 3.1% 1.3%
I don’t know 3.4% 6.9% 3.5% 0.3%

There was also high support for prosecuting CNN anchor Don Lemon for disrupting a church service, with opposition mainly being driven by Democrats. Note: Don Lemon was charged along with eight other defendants on or about January 30, near the start of this poll.

Q.6 On January 18, in Saint Paul Minnesota, CNN anchor Don Lemon led a group of anti-ICE protestors in disrupting a church service and intimidating the church goers. They allegedly blocked parents and children from reaching each other and yelled at children.
However, the Department of Justice formally withdrew its request for arrest warrants against Lemon and four others due to multiple judicial setbacks.
Which of the following best describes your opinion on aggressively prosecuting Don Lemon and the other individuals who disrupted the church service for conspiracy to deprive rights, or similar?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 35.6% 4.0% 31.9% 65.7%
Support 21.0% 13.3% 25.7% 23.2%
Neutral 8.3% 11.3% 11.3% 3.4%
Oppose 11.3% 23.4% 10.5% 2.0%
Strongly Oppose 17.9% 38.7% 13.6% 3.7%
I don’t know 5.9% 9.3% 7.0% 2.0%

There was a similar pattern in support for prosecuting individuals in Signal chats which coordinated impeding ICE operations for insurrection and conspiracy to riot, along with prosecuting those who aid and abet “de-arresting” including those who provide funding and training.

Q.7 Independent journalist Cam Higby infiltrated several Signal group chats which were organized for protesting and impeding ICE operations. Around January 24, release the message logs. It was revealed that the Lt. Governor of Minnesota, Peggy Flanagan, is one of the administrators of the Signal chats.
Which of the following best describes your opinion on aggressively prosecuting Peggy Flanagan and other individuals in the Signal group chats for conspiracy to riot, insurrection, or otherwise?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 34.1% 4.4% 28.0% 64.3%
Support 17.1% 7.7% 20.2% 22.9%
Neutral 9.1% 8.5% 13.2% 5.4%
Oppose 11.7% 22.2% 12.5% 2.4%
Strongly oppose 21.8% 46.8% 20.2% 1.7%
I don’t know 6.3% 10.5% 5.8% 3.4%
Q.8 The group “MN ICE Watch” had materials training their activists to “de-arrest” people detained by law enforcement officers through tactics like pressuring, swarming, and assaulting officers. The training materials also described each de-arrest as a “micro-intifadah.” Most jurisdictions generally treat assaulting law enforcement as a felony.
Which of the following best describes your opinion on aggressively prosecuting those who aid and abet “de-arresting,” to include those who provide funding or training?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 40.5% 3.6% 38.1% 73.1%
Support 17.8% 17.3% 19.5% 17.2%
Neutral 11.5% 17.7% 13.6% 4.4%
Oppose 11.4% 25.0% 10.5% 1.0%
Strongly oppose 13.9% 27.4% 12.8% 3.0%
I don’t know 4.9% 8.9% 5.4% 1.3%

There was more opposition than support for invoking the Insurrection Act to restore order, and there was even lower support for suspending habeas corpus, including among Independents. However, this does not mean that these are not valid or even necessary measures.

Q.9 The Insurrection Act authorizes the President to deploy military forces to suppress insurrections, rebellions, domestic violence, or to enforce federal/state laws when ordinary enforcement is impracticable. It has been invoked about thirty times.
If it proves impossible or unreasonably difficult to prosecute and convict anti-ICE rioters and co-conspirators due to biased judges, juries, and prosecutors, which of the following best describes your opinion on invoking the Insurrection Act?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 23.4% 0.4% 19.8% 46.1%
Support 18.2% 3.6% 17.1% 32.0%
Neutral 9.1% 5.2% 11.7% 9.4%
Oppose 12.3% 16.5% 14.4% 6.7%
Strongly oppose 32.9% 71.0% 30.4% 2.7%
I don’t know 4.2% 3.2% 6.6% 3.0%
Q.10 Habeas corpus allows a person detained by the government to challenge the lawfulness of their imprisonment or detention in court.
If it proves impossible or unreasonably difficult to prosecute and convict anti-ICE rioters and co-conspirators due to biased judges, juries, and prosecutors, which of the following best describes your opinion on suspending habeas corpus?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 10.3% 4.4% 9.3% 16.5%
Support 12.6% 5.6% 12.8% 17.8%
Neutral 15.5% 5.6% 15.2% 23.9%
Oppose 15.3% 11.3% 15.2% 19.2%
Strongly oppose 40.2% 69.0% 41.6% 14.5%
I don’t know 6.0% 4.0% 5.8% 8.1%

However, respondents were more likely to see the legal system as biased against conservatives than against liberals, including Independents.

Q.11 In America, is the legal system generally:
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Biased against conservatives 26.9% 1.2% 23.7% 51.5%
Mostly fair to conservatives and liberals 41.8% 42.3% 47.1% 38.0%
Biased against liberals 19.0% 44.0% 13.2% 2.4%
I don’t know 12.3% 12.5% 16.0% 8.1%

Despite nominal opposition to policies which may be necessary to restoring order, respondents still overwhelmingly agreed that failing to restore order will encourage more violence in the long-term, with disagreement being primarily driven by Democrats:

Q.14 Which of the following best describes your opinion of this statement:
“Failing to restore order in Minneapolis and Minnesota will encourage more violence in the long-term.”
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly agree 45.3% 12.9% 40.9% 76.4%
Slightly agree 18.4% 16.9% 19.8% 18.5%
Neutral 7.6% 11.3% 11.3% 1.3%
Slightly disagree 7.9% 14.1% 9.3% 1.3%
Strongly disagree 18.4% 41.5% 15.6% 1.3%
I don’t know 2.5% 3.2% 3.1% 1.0%

3. Exploring Alternatives

We next explored various alternatives to ICE raids in blue cities which voters might be more comfortable with.

Support for mass deportation sweeps of the agriculture and hotel industries was not particularly high outside of Republicans:

Q.15 Which of the following best describes your opinion on conducting mass deportation sweeps without exemptions for the agriculture and hotel industries?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 20.7% 3.2% 19.5% 36.7%
Support 20.6% 2.8% 19.1% 37.0%
Neutral 8.7% 2.8% 10.9% 11.8%
Oppose 15.7% 21.4% 17.5% 9.1%
Strongly Oppose 30.3% 66.5% 28.0% 1.7%
I don’t know 3.9% 3.2% 5.1% 3.7%

However, there was widespread support for aggressively prosecuting business owners who employ illegal immigrants and for making use of E-Verify (which is free) mandatory:

Q.16 Which of the following best describes your opinion on aggressively prosecuting business owners who knowingly or recklessly employ illegal immigrants?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 28.3% 8.1% 27.2% 46.5%
Support 27.9% 16.5% 27.2% 38.4%
Neutral 12.3% 14.9% 15.2% 8.1%
Oppose 13.5% 23.0% 13.2% 5.1%
Strongly Oppose 16.4% 35.9% 15.2% 0.7%
I don’t know 1.6% 1.6% 1.9% 1.3%
Q.17 E-Verify is a free web-based system provided by the government that allows employers to check the immigration status of their employees. It is mandatory for certain types of employers in 24 states.
What is your opinion on a federal law making E-Verify mandatory for all employers nationwide with stiff criminal penalties for failing to use it?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 34.4% 9.1% 31.6% 59.8%
Support 27.4% 22.0% 31.6% 31.3%
Neutral 14.5% 25.3% 15.6% 5.2%
Oppose 9.4% 18.7% 9.6% 2.4%
Strongly Oppose 11.8% 24.9% 11.6% 1.4%
I don’t know 2.6% 2.9% 2.8% 2.1%

4. Immigration Levels

Overall, there was extremely high support for deporting illegal immigrants with criminal records, even among Democrats. This means that Minnesota Governor Tim Walz’s and others’ attempts to shield “the worst of the worst” (who are showcased on a searchable Department of Homeland Security website [1]) are seriously against the grain of public opinion.

Q.18 Which of the following best describes your opinion on deporting all or almost all illegal immigrants with criminal records?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 56.1% 18.2% 55.5% 90.5%
Support 24.0% 41.7% 26.6% 8.2%
Neutral 10.2% 23.1% 9.8% 0.3%
Oppose 5.8% 12.0% 5.5% 0.7%
Strongly Oppose 2.7% 5.0% 2.7% 0.3%
I don’t know 1.2% 2.5% 0.4% 1.0%
Q.19 Which of the following best describes your opinion on deporting all or almost all illegal immigrants, regardless of whether they have criminal records?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 23.2% 2.8% 22.7% 40.8%
Support 20.9% 2.4% 21.2% 37.4%
Neutral 10.6% 5.7% 11.4% 14.3%
Oppose 17.1% 26.8% 21.6% 5.4%
Strongly Oppose 27.5% 62.2% 23.1% 2.0%
I don’t know 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 1.0%
Q.20 Which of the following best describes your opinion on reducing the amount of legal immigration?
Results by Party
% All Democrats Independents Republicans
Strongly support 12.9% 2.8% 12.1% 22.2%
Support 15.5% 8.5% 14.0% 22.2%
Neutral 22.8% 15.7% 21.8% 29.3%
Oppose 25.0% 31.5% 28.0% 17.8%
Strongly Oppose 22.3% 40.3% 22.2% 7.1%
I don’t know 1.5% 1.2% 1.9% 1.3%

There was close to equal support for and opposition to deporting all illegal immigrants regardless of whether they have criminal records, including among Independents.

Aside from Republicans, there was low support for reducing the amount of legal immigration. However, that does not mean that those who want less legal immigration cannot form a cohesive voting bloc which can make demands.

5. Key Takeaways